Nolan Chart - Authoritarian vs Libertarian, Liberal vs Conservative
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The Nolan Chart is a political model reportedly created by the late David Nolan. He was the main founder of the Libertarian Party, reportedly.
Advocates for Self-Governance write,
in fact, that party was formed in his own living room in 1971.
He created it in 1969, according to DBpedia but according to Advocates for Self-Governance, he created it in 1970.
Source for above image: The Nolan Chart by Bubble Enterprises.
LPedia writes that Nolan
created it to illustrate the claim that libertarianism stands for both economic freedom and personal freedom (as he defined the terms), in graphic contrast to left-wing "liberalism", which, according to Nolan, advocates only personal freedom, and right-wing “conservatism”, which, according to Nolan, advocates only economic freedom.
They also state,
Differing from the traditional left/right distinction and other political taxonomies, the Nolan Chart in its original form has two dimensions, with a horizontal x-axis labeled "economic freedom" and a vertical y-axis labeled "personal freedom". It resembles a square divided into four quadrants, with each sample in the population assigned to one of the quadrants.
The upper left quadrant represents the political Left — favoring government that taxes more and spends more for activities such as welfare, healthcare, education, Social Security and funding for the arts and that encourages more barriers on trade and business regulations (which David Nolan labeled "low economic freedom"), but supporting personal freedoms such as abortion, homosexuality and illegality of the conscription (which he labeled "high personal freedom"). At the bottom right is its converse, the political Right, whose coordinates place it as supporting high economic freedom and low personal freedom. Those on the Right want lower taxes and fewer social programs but support regulation by the government of cultural issues and personal behavior. The Nolan Chart places David Nolan's own ideology, libertarianism, at the top right, corresponding with high freedom in both economic and social matters. The fourth quadrant at the bottom left represents the antithesis of libertarianism. David Nolan originally called this philosophy populism, but many later renditions of the chart have used the label authoritarianism or totalitarianism instead. Some critics have argued that this was an attempt to popularize the image of libertarianism as the "opposite" of ideologies with a rather negative public image, thus putting libertarianism itself in a good light.
Communitarianism also exists within the fourth quadrant.
Additionally,
Many variations of the Nolan Chart have been developed, with some rotating the chart area 45 degrees in a rhomboid form to allow representation of left/liberal and right/conservative along a single axis in the manner they are typically charted. Many use different labels to describe the various types of government that would be placed in the quadrants. The original use by the Libertarian Party was represented by the Libersign and was the Party's first official logo.
You can find where you stand with regard to the Nolan Chart by taking the quiz at Advocates for Self Governance.
You can also try the political quiz at Polquiz to see where you are on the Nolan Chart.
If you take the political quiz at Polquiz and one answer every question in a way that reflects that you don’t want the government to be involved in anything at all, your position will be at the top point of the Nolan Chart.
If you make one exception in the area of immigration and choose the moderate approach (see above) your position will end up slightly to the right of the top point of the Nolan Chart (see below).
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We recommend that along with this section of the Culture War Encyclopedia, you see the political alignment charts section.
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